Common Injuries

By Joe Mullen

A strain is an injury of a muscle that has been stretched too far, too fast, followed by a quick return to the starting position. Something as simple as a sneeze can cause a major problem for muscles.

Resulting in a tear of the muscle itself and the tissue that supports it.Another name for a muscle strain is a pulled muscle.

The severity of a muscle strain can vary. Strains may be minor (as with some microscopic tears) or major, such as ruptures of the muscle. The severity is often related to the amount of pain that results.

A strain is not a sprain.Although strains and sprains may occur at the same time, a sprain means that the ligaments that hold bones together have suffered tears.

Symptoms of strains may include:

• Pain at the site of injury, when injury occurs.
• Pain and tenderness following the injury.
• Swelling and increased warmth at the site of the injury.
• Stiffness that may occur within 24 hours following theinjury.
• Discoloration of the skin (often related to tearing ofnearby blood vessels).
• Lack of muscle power, if the muscle has been ruptured.

Muscle strains are common injuries especially for the weekend athlete.

Muscle strains may be prevented by the following:

• Gently stretch all major muscle groups prior to vigorous exercise.
• Many experts suggest warming the muscle through gentle exercise before stretching.
• Begin exercise slowly, taking4 seconds to lift a weight and 4 seconds to lower it. This advice is aimed at controlling the resistance and eliminating the impact force associated with fast movements (a major cause of injury).
• Stretch the muscles again after the exercise session is over.

Individuals with bone, muscle or joint disorders and other diseases are encouraged to discuss with their physicians the benefits and risks of stretching and other exercises.

Treatment

Common self-care methods for minor strains often include:

• Not using the muscle while pain lasts
• Applying ice to the injured muscle
• Taking anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin or ibuprofen (Read the label and ask your pharmacist to explain themedication's benefits, risks and costs.)

Minor strains usually resolve in a few days. After recovery, it is even more important to follow prevention guidelines when resuming activities.

For severe cases, when the muscle has ruptured, surgery may be recommended.

Generally, applying ice to the pained area helps lower the pain levels.

In order to make an informed decision about your health and medical care, be sure to ask your physician to explain the benefits, risks and costs of all treatment alternatives.